Effect of Growing Location on The Chemical Profile of The Essential Oil of Papua Nutmeg (Myristica argentea Warb.) based on GC-MS analysis

Syefira Salsabila; Imanuel Berly Delvis Kapelle; Dwi Anggara Putri Usman; Daniella Elizabeth Engel; Nini Munirah Renur

doi:10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss05/735

EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA

Open Access

**Effect of Growing Location on The Chemical Profile of The Essential Oil of Papua Nutmeg (Myristica argentea Warb.) based on GC-MS analysis**

Syefira Salsabila ¹

, Imanuel Berly Delvis Kapelle ²

, Dwi Anggara Putri Usman ¹

, Daniella Elizabeth Engel ¹

, Nini Munirah Renur ³

¹ Pharmacy Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

² Chemistry Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

³ Fishery Product Technology Department, Tual State Fisheries of Polytechnic, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia

Published 2026-10-23

Vol. 27 No. 05 (2026) PAGES 899-911

DOI 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss05/735

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Abstract

Myristica argentea Warb. is an endemic Indonesian nutmeg species with potential as an economically valuable essential oil source. This study evaluated the effect of growing location on the chemical profile of M. argentea seed essential oil from two locations in Maluku: West Seram on Seram Island, characterized by inland mountainous forest, and Hutumuri on Ambon Island, a low-lying coastal area. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The oil yields from West Seram and Hutumuri were 1.95% and 1.78%, respectively. Twenty compounds were identified in both samples, with sabinene as the dominant component (26.34% in West Seram and 32.75% in Hutumuri), followed by β-phellandrene, safrole, and (+)-α-pinene. Although qualitative composition was similar, quantitative differences were observed in several compounds, particularly sabinene, safrole, and myristicin. The contrasting environmental characteristics may be associated with variations in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and essential oil composition. The relatively high safrole content, particularly in Hutumuri, highlights the need for safety assessment and quality standardization before potential industrial applications. These findings provide baseline information on geographical variation in the chemical profile of M. argentea essential oil.

Author Biographies

S

Syefira Salsabila

Pharmacy Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

syefira.salsabila@lecturer.unpatti.ac.id

I am a lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy, Pattimura University.

I

Imanuel Berly Delvis Kapelle

Chemistry Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

Berly_mollucas@yahoo.com

I am a Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Pattimura University.

D

Dwi Anggara Putri Usman

Pharmacy Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

dwianggaraputriusman@gmail.com

I am a lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy, Pattimura University.

D

Daniella Elizabeth Engel

Pharmacy Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

dengel.engel@lecturer.unpatti.ac.id

I am a lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy, Pattimura University.

N

Nini Munirah Renur

Fishery Product Technology Department, Tual State Fisheries of Polytechnic, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia

ninimrenur@polikant.ac.id

I am a lecturer in the Bachelor of Applied Science Program in Fisheries Product Processing Engineering Management at Tual State Polytechnic of Fisheries.

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**Effect of Growing Location on The Chemical Profile of The Essential Oil of Papua Nutmeg (Myristica argentea Warb.) based on GC-MS analysis**

Abstract