Main Article Content
Abstract
The success of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) propagation through stem cuttings is strongly influenced by planting media quality during the nursery stage. Under tropical lowland conditions, unstable root-zone environments often reduce seedling vigor and biomass accumulation. Therefore, suitable manure-based media are needed to improve vegetative establishment and nursery efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different manure-based planting media on vegetative growth and biomass accumulation of grapevine stem cuttings under tropical screen-house conditions in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments: M1 = sand + soil (1:1), M2 = sand + soil + cattle manure (1:1:1), M3 = sand + soil + goat manure (1:1:1), and M4 = sand + soil + chicken manure (1:1:1), with six replications. The results showed that the cattle manure-based medium consistently produced the best vegetative performance, increasing shoot length, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight by 67.6%, 83.3%, 83.1%, 38.5%, and 40.4%, respectively, compared with the control treatment. Overall, cattle manure-based media provided the most favorable conditions for vegetative establishment and biomass accumulation of grapevine stem cuttings under tropical nursery conditions.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
- [1] Rana, P., & Sethi, S. (2025). Extraction and characterization of novel fibers from Grapevine shoots: a comparative study of dry and wet pretreatment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 32(30), 18337-18348.
- [2] Uyan, M., Janus, J., & Ertunç, E. (2023). Land use suitability model for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation using the best worst method: A case study from Ankara/Türkiye. Agriculture, 13(9), 1722.
- [3] Sharafan, M., Malinowska, M. A., Ekiert, H., Kwaśniak, B., Sikora, E., & Szopa, A. (2023). Vitis vinifera (Vine Grape) as a valuable cosmetic raw material. Pharmaceutics, 15(5), 1372.
- [4] Luo, R. B., Zhang, W., Li, Y. P., Wang, N., Bai, M. D., Xia, Q. L., ... & Tang, Q. Y. (2025). Breeding of a new grape rootstock variety Yunzhen 5.
- [5] Kamila, S., Widodo, W. D., Santosa, E., & Suhartanto, M. R. (2024). Flowering and fruiting phenology in two varieties of grapes (Vitis vinifera) in tropical regions, Indonesia. Biodiversitas: Journal of Biological Diversity, 25(11).
- [6] Su, Y., Li, X., Cao, Z., Gao, Z., & Du, Y. (2024). Effects of long-term high temperatures in the root zone on the physiological characteristics of grapevine leaves and roots: Implications for viticulture practices. Horticulturae, 10(3), 245.
- [7] Shi, X. B., Liu, F., Wang, X., Wang, X., Wang, B., Wang, Z., ... & Wang, H. (2021). A study on nutrition requirement characteristics in different developmental phases of Jumeigui grapevine (Vitis vinifera× V. labrusca).
- [8] Zhang, M. J., Zhang, X. L., Ma, T. L., Sun, Y. T., Zhang, J., Liang, J., & Yao, W. K. (2026). Advances in research on the influence of rootstocks on grape growth and development, fruit quality and stress resistance.
- [9] Mairata, A., Labarga, D., Puelles, M., Rivacoba, L., Martín, I., Portu, J., & Pou, A. (2024). Impact of organic mulches on grapevine health, growth and grape composition in nutrient-poor vineyard soils.
- [10] Sarma, U., Verma, P., Sharma, N. C., Mir, M. A., & Singh, U. (2024). Adventitious Root Induction in Apple (Malus× domestica Borkh.) Clonal Rootstocks Through Mound Layering Under Shade Net Conditions. Applied Fruit Science, 66(4), 1187-1198.
- [11] Sarma, U., Verma, P., Sharma, N. C., Mir, M. A., & Singh, U. (2024). Adventitious Root Induction in Apple (Malus× domestica Borkh.) Clonal Rootstocks Through Mound Layering Under Shade Net Conditions. Applied Fruit Science, 66(4), 1187-1198.
- [12] de Holanda, S. F., Vargas, L. K., & Granada, C. E. (2025). Challenges for sustainable production in sandy soils: A review. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 27(1), 53-66.
- [13] Antonangelo, J. A., Sun, X., & Eufrade-Junior, H. D. J. (2025). Biochar impact on soil health and tree-based crops: a review. Biochar, 7(1), 51.
- [14] Unagwu, B. O., Ayogu, R. U., & Osadebe, V. O. (2021). Soil Chemical Properties and Yield Response of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L) to Different Organic Fertilizer Sources. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 25(2), 66-74.
- [15] Palupi, N. P., Kesumaningwati, R., Mujiono, K., Paramita, S., & Arung, E. T. (2023). The use of animal manure for improving chemical properties of degraded Ultisol, yield, and secondary metabolic of Zingiber montanum. Journal of Degraded & Mining Lands Management, 11(1).
- [16] Lesharana, P. L., Otieno, E. O., Ngie, M., & Gweyi-Onyango, J. P. (2026). Optimizing cattle and goat manure quality to improve fertility status of fragile soils in semi-arid agrozone of Samburu County, Kenya. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 33(1), 164-176.
- [17] Essilfie, M. E., Darkwa, K., & Asamoah, V. (2024). Growth and yield response of maize to integrated nutrient management of chicken manure and inorganic fertilizer in different agroecological zones. Heliyon, 10(14).
- [18] Ezzat, S., Gaiballa, A., Majrashi, M. A., Alasmary, Z., Ibrahim, H. M., Harbi, M. A., ... & Alghamdi, A. G. (2025). Comparative Impacts of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Restoration of Rangeland in the Semi-Arid Regions of Saudi Arabia. Sustainability, 17(20), 9253.
- [19] Rostaei, M., Fallah, S., Carrubba, A., & Lorigooini, Z. (2024). Organic manures enhance biomass and improve content, chemical compounds of essential oil and antioxidant capacity of medicinal plants: A review. Heliyon, 10(17).
- [20] Kka, N., Ahmed, S., & Qader, K. (2025). The Effectiveness of the Hot Composting Berkeley Method as a soil amendment for Cauliflower Cultivation. Cleaner Waste Systems, 100356.
- [21] Ray, R. L., Kularathna, K. M., Griffin, R. W., Abeysingha, N., Woldesenbet, S., Elhassan, A., ... & Fares, A. (2025). Enhancing plant and soil health through organic amendments in a humid environment. Rhizosphere, 35, 101126.
- [22] Hefner, M., Amery, F., Denaeghel, H., Loades, K., & Kristensen, H. L. (2024). Composts of diverse green wastes improve the soil biological quality, but do not alleviate drought impact on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth. Soil Use and Management, 40(1), e13016.
- [23] Baldi, E., Bravo, K., Flore, J. A., & Toselli, M. (2021). Organic fertilization affects carbon assimilation and partitioning of nonbearing potted strawberry plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 45(4), 572-582.
- [24] Li, Q., Andom, O., Li, Y., Cheng, C., Deng, H., Sun, L., & Li, Z. (2024). Responses of grape yield and quality, soil physicochemical and microbial properties to different planting years. European Journal of Soil Biology, 120, 103587.
- [25] Mataffo, A., Scognamiglio, P., Molinaro, C., Corrado, G., & Basile, B. (2023). Early canopy management practices differentially modulate fruit set, fruit yield, and berry composition at harvest depending on the grapevine cultivar. Plants, 12(4), 733.
- [26] Lei, Z., Li, X., Li, Y., Zhang, T., Li, X., Yang, Y., ... & He, D. (2025). Photosynthetic mechanism of cotton under fluctuating light field planted with different densities. Industrial Crops and Products, 228, 120920.
- [27] Mechergui, T., Vanderschaaf, C. L., Jhariya, M. K., Banerjee, A., & Raj, A. (2024). Sheep manure compost: a viable growing substrate for lettuce seedling production. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 24(3), 5108-5119.
- [28] Choudhary, V., & Machavaram, R. (2023). A comprehensive review of sustainable soil organic growing media for mat-type paddy seedling nurseries under Indian agronomical condition. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23(2), 1515-1534.
- [29] Saputra, H., Arief Soleh, M., Sauman Hamdani, J., & Saryoko, A. (2025). The potential and differences between mulch and organic matter in reducing drought stress in plants–a review. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 11(1), 2454342.
- [30] Kacprzak, M., Malińska, K., Grosser, A., Sobik-Szołtysek, J., Wystalska, K., Dróżdż, D., ... & Meers, E. (2023). Cycles of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in poultry manure management technologies–environmental aspects. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 53(8), 914-938.
- [31] Budiarto, R., Mubarok, S., Hamdani, J. S., Nanda, M. A., Jaya, M. H. I. S., Rahma, S. A., ... & Abdullakasim, S. (2024). Physiological characteristics of ornamental caladiums (Caladium x hortulanum Birdsey, Araceae Juss.) through leaf colour diversity. South African Journal of Botany, 174, 228-238.
- [32] Budiarto, R., Mubarok, S., Nanda, M. A., Nabiyyu, M., & Jaya, M. H. I. S. (2023). The increase in kaffir lime leaf production due to gibberellin is diminished by pruning. Horticulturae, 9(9), 1018.
- [33] Budiarto, R., Mubarok, S., Nanda, M. A., Jaya, M. H. I. S., Rofiq, M. A., Sari, D. N., ... & Abdullakasim, S. (2024). morphophysiological response of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC) subjected to defoliation and drought stress. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B—Soil & Plant Science, 74(1), 2334219.
- [34] Mubarok, S., Alissya, A., Drikarsa, D., Farida, F., Nuraini, A., Jaya, M. H. I. S., ... & Abdulakasim, S. (2024). Combination effects of NPK fertilizer and benzyl amino purine (BAP) in accelerating Cattleya Orchid vegetative growth. Ornamental Horticulture, 30, e242787.
- [35] Dulbari, Ahyuni, D., Rochman, F., Rahmadi, R., Priyadi, P., Subarjo, S., ... & Jaya, M. H. I. S. (2025). Pathway analysis of yield components in several new plant type (NPT) rice genotypes.
- [36] Xu, M., Zhao, T., & Zhou, S. (2026). Differential Effects of Four Organic Fertilizers on Soil Quality, Plant Growth, and Bacterial Community Structure in the Nutrient-Poor Alkaline Soil of Southern China. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1-14.
- [37] Rupngam, T., Udomkun, P., Boonupara, T., & Kaewlom, P. (2025). Enhancing soil health, growth, and bioactive compound accumulation in sunflower sprouts using agricultural byproduct-based soil amendments. Agronomy, 15(5), 1213.
- [38] Jia, Z., Giehl, R. F., & von Wirén, N. (2022). Nutrient–hormone relations: driving root plasticity in plants. Molecular Plant, 15(1), 86-103.
- [39] Ding, R., Nóbrega, R. L., & Prentice, I. C. (2025). Global Assessment of Environmental and Plant‐Trait Influences on Root: Shoot Biomass Ratios. Global Change Biology, 31(10), e70543.
- [40] Joshi, N., Kaur, R., Bibi, M., Fahad, S., & Nawaz, T. (2026). Soil amendments and their impact on plant nutrient availability. In Sustainable Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition (pp. 313-330). Elsevier.
- [41] Qureshi, M., Kumar, R., & Maryam, M. (2025). Water Movement in Organic Soils. In Organic Farming (pp. 353-366). CRC Press.
- [42] Zhao, C., Hu, J., Li, Q., Fang, Y., Liu, D., Liu, Z., & Zhong, R. (2022). Transfer of nitrogen and phosphorus from cattle manure to soil and oats under simulative cattle manure deposition. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 916610.
- [43] Kamal, M. Z. U., Sarker, U., Roy, S. K., Alam, M. S., Azam, M. G., Miah, M. Y., ... & Alamri, S. (2024). Manure-biochar compost mitigates the soil salinity stress in tomato plants by modulating the osmoregulatory mechanism, photosynthetic pigments, and ionic homeostasis. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 21929.
- [44] Zhou, J., Liu, C., Shi, L., & Zamanian, K. (2024). Rhizosphere influence on microbial functions: consequence for temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition at early stage of plant growth. Plant and Soil, 494(1), 95-109.
- [45] Mangezi, S., Manjeru, P., Makuvaro, V., Chaibva, P., Mutetwa, M., & Muziri, T. (2026). Cattle manure amended soil influences germination and early seedling development of marula (Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hochst.). Frontiers in Food Science and Technology, 5, 1734009.
- [46] Zhang, Y., Yang, J., Van Haaften, M., Li, L., Lu, S., Wen, W., ... & Qian, T. (2022). Interactions between diffuse light and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) canopy structure, simulations of light interception in virtual canopies. Agronomy, 12(3), 602.
- [47] Kang, I., & Lopez, R. G. (2024). Photosynthetic daily light integral effects on rooting and vegetative growth of cuttings of six foliage plants. HortScience, 59(12), 1757-1762.
- [48] Emdad, M., Tafteh, A., & Ghaffari Nejad, S. A. (2024). The effect of organic fertilizer on the changes of soil physical properties in different rotations cultivation in permanent plots. Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 4(2), 121-132.
- [49] Ling, Y., Xia, Y., Weng, W., Zhu, H., Feng, Y., Sun, E., ... & Hu, Q. (2025). High-density nursery seeding and seedling age management regulate carbon-nitrogen metabolism and grain yield in mechanically transplanted rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture.
- [50] Cui, B., Lv, W., Chen, Y., Hou, J., Wan, H., Song, J., ... & Liu, F. (2025). Biomass accumulation and CN partitioning in soybean plants in response to drought stress and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 211(3), e70067.
- [51] Lesharana, P. L., Otieno, E. O., Ngie, M., & Gweyi-Onyango, J. P. (2026). Optimizing cattle and goat manure quality to improve fertility status of fragile soils in semi-arid agrozone of Samburu County, Kenya. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 33(1), 164-176.
- [52] Bi, Y., & Zhou, H. (2021). Changes in peanut canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristics induced by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in a nutrient-poor environment. Scientific reports, 11(1), 14832.
- [53] Chemweno, S., Kwakye, D. O., Rachmilevitch, S., Ephrath, J. E., & Lazarovitch, N. (2025). Root growth and yield responses to nitrogen levels in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivation: balancing nutrient efficiency and productivity. Frontiers in Plant Science, 16, 1589560.
- [54] Sun, N., Sun, Y., Liao, S., Ding, J., Li, C., Zhou, M., & Li, H. (2025). Root restriction and water deficit irrigation enhance tomato fruit quality via altered root morphology and nutrient allocation. Scientia Horticulturae, 353, 114491.
- [55] Naorem, A., Jayaraman, S., Dang, Y. P., Dalal, R. C., Sinha, N. K., Rao, C. S., & Patra, A. K. (2023). Soil constraints in an arid environment—challenges, prospects, and implications. Agronomy, 13(1), 220.
- [56] Kumar, N., & Gupta, S. K. (2023). Nutrient Mineralization Dynamics and Plant Growth Attributes of Thermally Digested Fertilizer Derived from a Novel Rapid Organic Waste Stabilizer. In National Conference on Technological Advancements in Waste Management: Challenges and Opportunities (pp. 299-318). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
- [57] Zhang, X., Zhao, L., Huang, Q., Pang, B., Zhou, Z., & Lu, Y. (2025). Synchronized fertilization based on crop nutrient uptake and fertilizer nutrient release characteristics increases nutrient use efficiency in banana. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 34449.
- [58] Olanlokun, F. S., Dada, O. A., & Ncama, K. (2026). The Role of Leaf Morphology and Sustainable Management Practices on Optimizing Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Upland Rice: A Review. Crops, 6(2), 46.
- [59] Niinemets, Ü. (2023). Variation in leaf photosynthetic capacity within plant canopies: optimization, structural, and physiological constraints and inefficiencies. Photosynthesis Research, 158(2), 131-149.
- [60] Collado, C. E., & Hernández, R. (2025). Vegetative and reproductive stage lighting interactions on flower yield, water use efficiency, terpenes, and cannabinoids of Cannabis sativa. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 43641.
- [61] Olagunju, S. O., Folarin, O. C., Adenaike, E. O., Nassir, A. L., Oguntade, O. A., Olayiwola, R. O., & Sakariyawo, O. S. (2022). Fresh weight of vegetative organs improves grain yield prediction in upland rice under pre-anthesis water deficit. Plant Physiology Reports, 27(3), 358-373.
- [62] Zhou, J., Hua, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Xu, S., Tian, X., ... & Li, Z. (2025). Light-hormone crosstalk modulates vegetative branching and yield stability in dual-planting cotton systems. Field Crops Research, 333, 110103.
- [63] Fichtl, L., Hofmann, M., Kahlen, K., Voss-Fels, K. P., Cast, C. S., Ollat, N., ... & Friedel, M. (2023). Towards grapevine root architectural models to adapt viticulture to drought. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1162506.
